Constipation, is a common symptom, and is operationally defined as a change in routine bowel habit or defecatory  behavior , that is resolved by relieving the constipation .

infrequent bowl movement(typically<3 per week),subjective sensation of hard stools ,pain or bleeding at defecation.

There is no right number of daily or weekly bowel movements. regularity may mean bowel  movemens twice a day for some people or just a week for others.

Sedentary  habits and want of priper exercise  lead to weakening of both  the intestinal and abdominal muscles resulting in stasis of both intestinal contents.

Modern food contains less indigestible material to form the necessary bollast which mechanically stimulates the peristalsis. relief  can be obtained by increase of fibers in diet and adequate hydration.

There are noteworthy differences  between those  who are beyond sixty and those who are in middle life, as regards physiology ,pathology tendencies to disease and vital resistance to it.

Fasting is abstinence from all kinds of foods during the day.it causes no inconvenienceexcept a desire for food at the usual meal times,which ,however soon disappears.

Health Benefits of fasting

Fasting initiates a rapid weight loss with little or no hunger.most people are surprised at how little desire for food they have while fasting.

Fasting promotes detoxificationas body break down its  fat reserves,it mobilizes and eliminates stored toxins.fasting gives the digestive system a much needed rest.after fasting both digestion and elimination are invigorated.

Fasting promotes the resolution of inflammatory processes,such as in rheumatoid arthritis.

Fasting quietens allergic reactions including asthama and hay fever.

Fasting promotes drying up of abnormal fluid accumulations,such as edema in ankles and legs and swelling in the abdomen.

Fasting corrects blood pressure without drugs.

Fasting will normalize blood pressure  in vast majority of cases,the blood pressure will remain normal after fast,if the person follows a health supporting  diet and lifestyle.

Fasting make it easy  to overcome bad habits and addictions.many peoples have overcome tobacco and alcohol addictions by fasting, and even drug addictions.fasting rapidly dissipates the craving for nicotine,alcohol,caffeine and other drugs.

Fasting clears the skin and whitens the eyes.it is common to see skin eruptions clear while fasting,and the whites of eyes never looks clear and bright as they do after fasting.

Fasting restores tasteappereciation for wholesome natural foods.people say that their tastebuds come alive after fasting and that foodnever tasted so good.

Fasting is the perfect gateway to a healthful diet.

A regular habit with regard to eating and drinkingis essentialfor the preservation of health.Food,which must always be wholesome,should be properly masticated and eatn slowly.it is bad habit to over eat.

Always wait for a true appetite.

Select and eat, foodwhich the palate and appetitepaticularly craves for at the moment.

Masticate well.

Do not hastily swallow a mouthful but let it be swallowed as it were by itself.

Avoid serious reading during meals or serious discussions.

Regularity oftime at meals is advantageous.

Set a schedule : go to bed at set time each night and get up at same time each morning.disrupting this schedule may lead to insomnia.”sleeping in”on weekendsalso makes it harder to wake up early on Monday morning because it resets the sleep cycle.

Exercise : Try to exercise 20 to 30 minutes a day.daily exercise for 20-30 minutes, often helps people slep,although a workout soon before bedtime may interfere with sleep for maximum benefit this should be 5 to 6 hours before bedtime.

Avoid Caffeine, Nicotine,  and  Alcohol :

Avoid drinks that contain caffeine, which acts as a stimulans and keeps people awake.sources of caffeine include coffee chocolate soft drinks,non herbal teas,diet drugs, and some pain relievers. smockers  tend to sleep  very lightly and wake up early in the morning due to nicotine withdrawl .alcohal robs people of deep sleep and REM sleep and keeps them in the lighter stages of sleep.

Relax before bed : a warm bath,reading or another relaxing routine should be a part of  a person bed time ritual, as they can make it easier to fall sleep.

Sleep until Dawn : sunlight helps body’s internal biological clock reset each day.

Do not lie in bed awake : if you can not get to sleep, do not just lie in bed. Do something else like reading watching tv or listening to morning,until you feel tired.  the anxiety of being unable to fall asleep can actually contribute to insomnia.

Control of room temperature : extreme temperatures may disrupt sleep or prevent a person from falling asleep.

Until the 1950s most people thought of sleep as apassive,dormant part of daily life.we now know that our brains are very active during sleep.moreover,sleep affects our functioning and our physical and mental health in many ways.

The amount of slep each person needs depends on many factors,including age,the stse of healthand occupation.

Infants generally requires about 16hours a day,while teenagers need about 9hours on average.For most adults 7 to 8hours a night a night appears to be the best amount of sleep.,although  some people may need  asfew as 5 hours  or as many as 10 hours of sleep each day.women in first 3 month of pregnancy  often needs several more hours of sleep than usualthe amount of sleep a person needs also increases if he or she has been deprived of sleep in previous  days.getting too little sleep creats “sleep debt’which affects judgement,reaction time and other important functions.

People tend to sleep more lightly and for short time spans as they  get older,although  they generally need about th same amount of sleep as they needed in early adulthood.about half of people  over 65, have frequent sleeping problems,such as insomnia,and  deep sleep stages in many elderly people,often become very short, stop completely.this change may be a normal part of aging,may result from medical problems that are common in elderly people orfrom medication and other treatments for those problems.

Habit plays an important role in the preservation of health.It is readyly fromed ,grows by practice ,and eventually becomes parts and percel of nature, making its iradication a mattar of great difficulty. And this is why habit is called second nature.

The influennce of habit in the formation of the  charechter of an individuals is very prominent. it affects both the mental and physical condition of  human being.

As the nails grows outward it should be filed in order to keep its length such that it does not interfere with usefulness of the fingers or harbour bacteria, protozoal cysts or parasitic ova.

the cuticle that is not cared for attaches itself to the nails and tears as the nail grow out forming hangnails , if these develop they should be carefully cut rather than pulled, since infection can occur if delicate tissues are injured.

Nailbiting is unhealthly . the pactrice of grooming long nails and painting them is also unhealthy.

No other part of the body  comes so frequently in contact with infectious organisms.

And clean skin has a considerable self disinfecting power. At least 15 to 20 second should be spent on working on a good leather, preferably using liquid soap.

Particular attention should be given fingers and spaces in between them. Scrubbing of dirt from the tops and plums of hands, between the fingers and under the nails where bacterias are most likely to hide.

A nailbrush can be effective for cleaning the nail beds and fingertips ,which are commonly missed with hand washing. routine disinfection of nail brush is important.

Many behavioural factors may affect the chance of getting an STI.

Such behaviours are known as  “risky“.

Risky behaviours include the following.

Personal risky sexual behaviours include:

      a ) changing sexual partners frequently;

      b ) having more than one sexual partner;

      c ) having sex with “casual” partners, sex workers or their    

         clients:

         Recent or frequent change of sexual partner, having more 

         than one sexual partner or having sex with sex workers or  

          their clients makes it more likely that a person will come

          into contact  with someone who has an STI.

Having unprotected penetrative sexual intercourse in a situation

Where either partner has an infection.

having had an STI in the last year.

People who have had an STI in the last year are at risk of

getting infected again if they have not been able to change their

sexual behaviour.

Some other factors which are very important are  following :

Skin piercing  -  this refers to a wide range of practices including the use of unsterile needles to give injections or tattoos, scarification or body

piercing and circumcision using shared knives.

use of alcohol or other drugs before or during sex ; alcohol or drug

use may negatively affect condom use; alcohol may diminish the

perception of risk, resulting in not using a condom; or if a condom is

used it may not be used correctly.

Maintain good health, eat balanced diet, avoid stress and do exercise. Good health means healthy hairs; balanced diet means provision of all the essential nutrients needed for hair growth.

Avoid androgenic steroids strictly, as androgens are involved in pathogenesis of hair fall.

Avoid the use of formulations published in magazines etc until your dermatologist recommends them.

Avoid excessive exposure to sunlight, if you have to, and then keep your head covered.

Avoid washing your hairs with soap as no soap contains ingredients that are suitable for hairs.

Use a milder shampoo for hair washing. Selection of a shampoo is a matter of trial and error because not all shampoos are suitable for everyone.

Wash your hairs with a shampoo at least twice a week with warm water in winter (avoid too hot) and cold water in summer.

If possible, wash your hair leaning over a basin or bath, so that blood circulation is increased around your scalp and hair roots.

Continue this by gently massaging your heads with your fingertips while shampooing, begin at nape of neck and use pads of your fingertips, keep your nails well cleared and cut.

In addition, do not use entire hand. Do this in slow, gentle fashion for a couple of minutes. After shampooing, rinse your hair well, and then pack your hair with a towel.

Avoid dandruff as it increases hair fall in winter as it is produced in copious amounts in most individuals.

Avoid excessive combing as it increases hair fall. Every member of family should have his or her own comb or brush. A comb should have rounded teeth. Wash your comb or brush every time you wash your hair.

After you wash your hair, first straighten them with comb or brush, and then form any style you want.

Use of gels is not recommended.

Avoid using dyes, hair sprays etc. Avoid excessive use of hair dryers.

If you suspect hair fall, consult your dermatologist about the use of Minoxidil and Finasteride. Use of these drugs early will prevent further hair fall, if these drugs are used late, chances of Regrowth are reduced.